Is “voter fraud real” and, if so, how often does it occur?
Yes voter fraud does occur. Voter Fraud most often occurs through submission of absentee ballots in the names of others (e.g. deceased relatives) or by altering or completing absentee ballots of others.
So how often does it occur?
How about less than 1 in a million votes?
A 2019 study based on all national voting between 2008 and 2018 and voter fraud data from the Heritage Foundation found voter fraud occurred less than once in a million votes.
The study also looked at election performance with implementation of Voter ID and found that:
Voter ID requirements have not changed the rate of identified election fraud;
Voter ID did not change public perception of election security or the prevalence of voter fraud;
Voter ID did not cause a meaningful change in voter turnout.